I'm no expert on movie posters so I can't say for definite which countries had each poster campaign. But I've tried to show the main types of original poster art, without showing every minor variation in layout. Many of these have since been reproduced as postcards and posters, though many of the originals can be found on eBay and specialist sites.
This beautiful artwork was used across Europe and America. The artist is Robert McGinnis, whose most famous posters were for several James Bond movies from Sean Connery's era, as well as Live and Let Die and The Man with the Golden Gun (thanks to IMP for that info). The long, wide version (at top) was a spectacular 20 feet wide!
One character isn't recognisable from the film (the one in the spacesuit, centre right), so I'm guessing this was produced for advanced publicity. Note that Durand-Durand's ship is the one shown crashing, rather than Barbarella's.
Spain, 1968
Mexican over-sized lobby card, 1968
Japan, 1968.
As you can see, many of the costumes are the wrong colours and the fleshtones look strange, probably because these are black and white photos that have been coloured in.
RE-RELEASE POSTERS
Czechoslovakia, 1971, artist: Kaja Saudek
Germany, 1973
Italy also has their own style of collage posters, called fotobustas, of which many variations are produced for each film. These are the ones I know of...
As you can see, many of the costumes are the wrong colours and the fleshtones look strange, probably because these are black and white photos that have been coloured in.
RE-RELEASE POSTERS
Germany, 1973
Cult fantasy artist Boris Vallejo painted this artwork for the 1977 USA re-release that followed the space madness of Star Wars. Note that Pygar is incorrectly wingless. This art has become the most familiar on most home video releases ever since - on VHS, laserdisc and DVD. Note also that is gained a new, longer title (that never appeared onscreen).
Lastly there's this spectacular art by the Hildebrandt Brothers, famous for a classic early Star Wars poster, for a 1979 re-release. Seems like the movie has had a lot of re-releases, but I guess that's because there wasn't home video yet.
A wide selection of Barbarella repro posters here at Movie Poster Shop.